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What are the differences between PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and PP (polypropylene) vacuum formed packaging materials?
Number of views:1011 Time:2025-07-29
PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and PP (polypropylene) are three common vacuum formed packaging materials, which have significant differences in material characteristics, environmental friendliness, processing performance, and application scenarios. Compare the differences among the three from multiple dimensions and explain their typical uses:

1、 Comparison of Materials and Basic Characteristics

Dimension PET vacuum forming PVC vacuum forming PP vacuum forming
chemical composition Polyester polymer material, polymerized from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol Polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polymer material Polypropylene, a semi crystalline thermoplastic made by polymerizing propylene
transparency High transparency (with a light transmittance of over 90%) and good surface glossiness High transparency (soft PVC has slightly lower transparency), while the transparency of hard PVC is close to PET Translucent to transparent (depending on crystallinity), moderate glossiness
hardness High hardness, good toughness, and strong impact resistance Soft PVC is soft and elastic, while hard PVC has high hardness and brittleness Moderate hardness, good flexibility, bendable and not easily broken
Temperature resistance Low temperature resistance (-40 ℃), high temperature resistance (short-term ≤ 120 ℃, long-term ≤ 60 ℃) Poor temperature resistance (soft PVC ≤ 60 ℃, hard PVC ≤ 80 ℃), easy to release harmful substances at high temperatures Temperature resistance [sensitive word] (-30 ℃~120 ℃, suitable for microwave oven), can be steam disinfected
chemical resistance Good acid, alkali, and oil resistance, but not resistant to strong alkali and organic solvents Good acid resistance, alkali resistance, and water resistance, but poor resistance to organic solvents and easy migration of plasticizers Strong chemical corrosion resistance, resistant to grease, acid, alkali, and most organic solvents
environmentally Recyclable (PET bottle recycling system mature), non-toxic and odorless, meets food contact standards Soft PVC contains plasticizers (such as phthalates), which may release harmful substances; Burning generates dioxins, causing significant environmental controversy Non toxic and odorless, recyclable, with combustion products of water and carbon dioxide, and good environmental friendliness
cost Moderate to high Cost [sensitive word] medium

2、 Comparison of vacuum forming processing performance

Dimension PET vacuum forming PVC vacuum forming PP vacuum forming
mold temperature 180 ℃~220 ℃, the molding temperature range is narrow and needs to be controlled 140 ℃~180 ℃, low molding temperature, strong processing adaptability 160 ℃~200 ℃, good melt flowability, easy to form
stretchability High tensile strength and good dimensional stability after molding Soft PVC has good stretchability, while hard PVC is prone to cracking during stretching Good tensile toughness, capable of thin-walled molding, and strong fatigue resistance
Difficulty in demolding Good demolding performance, not easy to stick to the mold Soft PVC demolding requires anti sticking treatment, while hard PVC demolding is prone to cracking Excellent demolding performance, smooth surface and not easy to adhere
Heat sealing performance Can be sealed by high-frequency heat sealing or ultrasonic welding, with good sealing performance High frequency heat sealing performance is excellent, and it is the main sealing method for PVC vacuum forming The heat sealing temperature is relatively high (190 ℃~220 ℃), requiring specialized equipment

3、 Differences in application scenarios

1. Typical uses of PET vacuum forming

  • Food packaging:
    • Transparent fruit boxes, vegetable trays, biscuit/candy vacuum formed boxes (using high transparency to display products);
    • Beverage bottles, mineral water bottles (PET bottles are the mainstream packaging form);
    • Quick frozen food packaging (with good low-temperature resistance).
  • Electronic product packaging:
    • Transparent blister trays for electronic accessories such as mobile phones, headphones, chargers, etc. (to protect the product and enhance its appearance);
    • Anti static vacuum formed boxes for precision components such as hard drives and CDs (with the option to add anti-static coatings).
  • Medical field:
    • Syringe and pill blister packaging (must comply with pharmaceutical grade hygiene standards);
    • Transparent storage box for medical devices (resistant to disinfection, non-toxic).
  • other:
    • Cosmetic packaging (such as transparent shell of face cream and eye shadow);
    • Gift packaging (such as high-end vacuum formed gift boxes for chocolate and health products).

2. Typical uses of PVC vacuum forming

  • Industrial and daily necessities packaging:
    • Toy vacuum packaging (low cost, rich colors, soft PVC can be used as elastic toy accessories);
    • Blister trays for hardware tools, screws and nuts (made of hard PVC with high strength to protect parts);
    • Transparent hanging bags for clothing and accessories (made of soft PVC with good flexibility and the ability to print patterns).
  • Architecture and Decoration:
    • Plastic buckle board and skirting board (made of hard PVC with strong weather resistance and not easily deformed);
    • Advertising lightbox panel (transparent hard PVC that can be carved into shape).
  • Special fields (environmental restrictions to be noted):
    • Low end packaging that does not come into contact with food (such as industrial parts, stationery);
    • Soft PVC hose, sealing strip (utilizing its elasticity and water resistance).
      Attention: Due to environmental controversies, the application of PVC in food packaging, children's products and other fields is gradually being restricted, and strict regulations have been introduced in Europe, America and other regions to control it.

3. Typical uses of PP vacuum forming

  • Food and Catering Packaging:
    • Microwave oven lunch box (sensitive term: vacuum formed material that can be directly put into the microwave oven and can withstand high temperatures of 120 ℃);
    • Yogurt cup, jelly box (low temperature resistant and well sealed);
    • Fast food packaging box, fruit basket (flexible and not easy to break).
  • In the field of healthcare and hygiene:
    • Medical equipment tray (can be sterilized by high temperature steam and complies with ISO13485 standard);
    • Disposable syringe packaging, drug blister box (non-toxic, sterilization resistant).
  • Industrial and daily necessities:
    • Automotive parts vacuum forming tray (resistant to grease and impact);
    • Home storage box, clothes hanger (resistant to bending and not easily aged after long-term use);
    • Baby products (such as bottle accessories, complementary food boxes, safe and non-toxic).

4、 Selection suggestions and precautions

  • Priority should be given to PET: if the requirements are high transparency, food contact, and environmentally friendly recycling, such as fruit packaging and electronic display trays.
  • Consider PP: If the requirements are high temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and microwave applicability, such as lunch boxes and medical disinfection products.
  • Be cautious when using PVC: Only use it in low-cost, non food contact, and non environmentally restricted scenarios, such as industrial parts packaging and low-end toys.
  • Environmental compliance: The European and American markets have strict restrictions on PVC, and it is recommended to prioritize PET or PP for export products. Domestic food packaging must comply with standards such as GB 4806.7 to avoid the use of PVC.
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